ORAL PATHOLOGY AND ORAL MEDICINE EXAM PREPARATION SUMMARY (ORE & LDS) WITH STUDY FOCUS
Exam Strategy:
- Focus on recognizing oral manifestations of various systemic diseases. Cover DDC Notes provided.
- Understand the different types of ulcers, vesiculobullous diseases, white lesions, and pigmented lesions.
- Be familiar with premalignant lesions and oral cancer characteristics.
- Learn the approach to ulcers and biopsy guidelines.
- Review basic odontogenic pathology (tumors and cysts).
- Utilize the Oxford Handbook for Clinical Dentistry 7th edition extensively as a primary reference.
High-Yield Topics:
- Bacterial Infections:
- Syphilis: Primary (chancre), secondary (mucous patches), tertiary (gumma), congenital
- Tuberculosis: Oral lesions (e.g., ulcers, nodules), clinical presentation, diagnosis
- Scarlet fever: “Strawberry tongue,” oral manifestations
- Viral Infections:
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV): Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis, recurrent herpes labialis, herpetic whitlow
- Varicella zoster virus (VZV): Chickenpox, shingles (herpes zoster), oral manifestations
- Human papillomavirus (HPV): Oral warts, oral squamous cell carcinoma
- Fungal Infections:
- Candida infections: Pseudomembranous candidiasis (thrush), erythematous candidiasis, angular cheilitis, risk factors, treatment
- Ulcers:
- Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS): Types (minor, major, herpetiform), clinical features, triggers, management
- Traumatic ulcers: Causes, clinical features, management
- Malignant ulcers: Characteristics (e.g., indurated, rolled borders, persistent), importance of biopsy
- Vesiculobullous Diseases:
- Pemphigus vulgaris: Autoimmune, intraepithelial blistering, Nikolsky sign
- Mucous membrane pemphigoid: Subepithelial blistering, scarring
- White Lesions:
- Leukoplakia: Clinical features, risk of malignant transformation
- Oral lichen planus: Clinical features (e.g., Wickham striae), management
- Frictional keratosis: Causes, clinical features, management
- Pigmented Lesions:
- Melanotic macules: Benign, flat pigmented lesions
- Melanoma: Malignant, features (e.g., asymmetry, irregular borders), importance of early detection
- Premalignant Lesions:
- Erythroplakia: Red patch, high risk of malignant transformation
- Oral submucous fibrosis: Clinical features, association with betel nut chewing
- Salivary Gland Diseases:
- Sialadenitis: Inflammation of salivary glands, causes (e.g., infection, obstruction), clinical features
- Sialolithiasis: Salivary stones, clinical presentation, management
- Oral Cancer:
- Squamous cell carcinoma: Most common type, risk factors (e.g., tobacco, alcohol), clinical features, staging, treatment
- Abnormalities of Lips and Tongue:
- Fissured tongue: Clinical features, management
- Geographic tongue: Clinical features, benign nature
- Angioedema: Swelling of lips and tongue, causes (e.g., allergy), management
- Facial Pain:
- Trigeminal neuralgia: Sharp, shooting pain in trigeminal nerve distribution
- Temporomandibular disorders (TMD): Pain, clicking, limited jaw movement
- Other Topics:
- Biopsy guidelines: Indications, technique, handling of specimens
- Oral manifestations of systemic diseases: Skin, GI, hematological, endocrine, neurological, HIV/AIDS
- Cervicofacial lymphadenopathy: Causes, clinical evaluation
Exam Important Images:
Be prepared to identify various oral lesions (e.g., ulcers, white patches, pigmented lesions) and recognize clinical signs of systemic diseases affecting the oral cavity. Cover file 10A & 10B.
Files to read: – 1, 1A, 3, 6, 7, 10A, 10B, 11, – If you have read all these, solved mock MCQS and have time, read the others.
Yes, the course material provided is sufficient to pass the exam, please go through all curriculum lecture notes, Guidelines, and Images provided.
These are topics being frequently and recently asked in ORE/LDS-1 Exam, we have gathered from feedback and books and made it easier for you to understand.
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